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» Browse Science and Environment Term Papers
Coral Reefs And Bleaching Phenomenon
Number of Words: 1422 / Number of Pages: 6
... visible from the moon (Goreau, 1987). While the size of coral reefs can be enormous, their real impact is on a much smaller scale. Reefs function as food and shelter for fish and marine invertebrates. While the coral itself is an animal, through a symbiotic relationship with the unicellular algae, coral becomes the primary producer in its ocean ecosystem (Richmond 1993). The reefs are formed by calcium carbonate deposits produced by the coral polyps. According to the legendary Cousteau, in his book The Ocean World, tube worms and mollusks also donate their hard skeletons to the architecture of ...
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Genetic Engineering. 2
Number of Words: 2977 / Number of Pages: 11
... moral and safety questions it brings forth, the blanket of fear covering this remarkable technical miracle can be lifted.
The first step to understanding genetic engineering, and embracing its possibilities for society, is to obtain a rough knowledge base of its history and method. The basis for altering the evolutionary process is dependent on the understanding of how individuals pass on characteristics to their offspring. Genetics achieved its first foothold on the secrets of nature's evolutionary process when an Austrian monk named Gregor Mendel developed the first "laws of heredity." Using these l ...
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Protein Synthesis
Number of Words: 241 / Number of Pages: 1
... From one of these single strands of a DNA molecule, a mRNA molecule
is built. This is accomplished by an enzyme which travels along a portion of DNA
between two exons and attaches the opposing base pairs to the backbone of the
mRNA (a structure composed of phosphates and ribose). The nitrogen bases of this
new molecule are identical to that of the opposite side of the original DNA
molecule except that the thymine has been replaced with uracil. The formation of
this molecule allows for the construction of proteins in the ribosome without
risking the DNA in the cytoplasm.
The mRNA trav ...
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Soil Salinity
Number of Words: 286 / Number of Pages: 2
... increase
in the infiltration of water from the topsoil to the groundwater, due to
rainfall or irrigation, can result in a dramatic rise in groundwater pressure
and watertable levels.
The trees of the open forests are now replaced by shallow-rooted crops and
pastures which absorb far less water than the native trees. Those trees had been
massive water pumps, sucking up moisture from deep underground and putting it
back into the atmosphere through the evaporation from their leaves. With those
pumps gone, excess rainfall accumulates underground and watertables rise to the
surface, bringing ancient sed ...
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Lsd 2
Number of Words: 769 / Number of Pages: 3
... with the drug was abandoned. In the late 50's, however, LSD was used by the CIA as an interrogation drug for spies. However, it was proven to be unreliable and was later replaced with other interrogation drugs.
LSD comes in the forms of crystals, liquids, tablets, gelatins, or blotting squares. The squares have designs on them such a flowers, dragons, shapes, animals, and cartoon characters to make them more attractive to young children. Often called acid, white lightning, stamps, microdot, and grateful dead, LSD is usually taken orally.
There are 4 levels of experience an LSD user will ...
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Salt Pollution
Number of Words: 1448 / Number of Pages: 6
... to ice and snow it creates a
brine that has a lower freezing temperature than the surrounding ice or snow.
Salt is the ideal deicing material because it is:
•the least expensive deicer
•easy to spread
•easy to store and handle
•readily available
•non-toxic
•harmless to skin and clothing
Salt pollution is broken into two main groups. Water, which includes
the effects on ground water, surface water and aquatic life and land.
Most of the salt applied to the roadways eventually ends up in the
ground water. It is estimated that 30% to 50% of the salt used travels into the
ground water. ...
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Coelacanths
Number of Words: 373 / Number of Pages: 2
... have been found, all in the same region.
Apart from the novelty of being such rare fish, have very great zoological importance. First, they are "living fossils"-a life form that has been preserved almost unchanged for many millions of years. As such, they offer the scientist a view of the biology of an earlier stage in the history of life. Second, the group of fishes to which the coelacanth belongs occupies an extremely important place in the vertebrate life. They include the ancestors of all land forms, including man himself.
The earliest fossil almost certainly lived in freshwater, but la ...
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Anatomy Of A Muscle Cell
Number of Words: 1020 / Number of Pages: 4
... Centore2
Dr. Jain
Anatomy & Physiology
The many nuclei of skeletal muscle fiber are located underneath the sarcolemma, which is the fiber’s plasma membrane. Thousands of invaginations of the sarcolemma, which are called T Tubules, Tunnel from the surface to the center of the muscle fiber. These T Tubules are open to the outside of the fiber and are filled with extra-cellular fluid. Muscle action potentials propagate along the sarcolemma and through the T tubules and quickly spread through the muscle fiber. This process ensures that all parts of the muscle fiber become excited by an action ...
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Black Holes 3
Number of Words: 1072 / Number of Pages: 4
... In a monstrous explosion, the outer layers are thrown off. And, at this same moment, the core collapses. This can happen rather quickly because gravity can crush an object 10,000 miles across to an object only 10 miles across in about one second.
During the time that a black hole is created, the star shrinks down to an infinitely small and infinitely dense point know as the singularity. At this point, all we have ever known about the universe breaks down. Around the singularity there is an imaginary circle called the event horizon. This is the black hole’s gravitational boundary where not even li ...
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Nuclear Fission
Number of Words: 553 / Number of Pages: 3
... element because it is the easiest of all atoms to split apart. Uranium-235 is made up of many protons and few neutrons. Protons naturally repel one another so a nucleus made up of many protons tends to ‘fly apart’ more easily. In addition, uranium makes a good nuclear reactor because it can sustain a series of fission reactions, each time producing more neutrons in chain reaction. Therefore, uranium-235 can produce a steady flow energy output.
Uranium can be found in the United States, Canada, and through the world. Uranium in its natural state cannot be used in the fission process. Uranium ...
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